When most of us picture an atom, we think about a small nucleus made of protons and neutrons orbited by one or more electrons. We view these electrons as point-like while rapidly orbiting the nucleus.

Matter particles are only one part of the recipe for everything students see around them. The particles in matter must interact; otherwise the universe would just be one big collection of quarks and ...

Electromagnetic force Astronomers using three of the world's most powerful telescopes say they've found no change in one of nature's fundamental forces over the past 10 billion years. The study, ...

The expansion of the universe is so tiny that it can only be noticed over vast timescales or huge distances, or some combination of both. The expansion rate is approximately 70 kilometres per second ...

Scientists have observed atomic magnetic fields, the origin of magnetic forces, for the first time using an innovative Magnetic-field-free Atomic-Resolution STEM they developed. The joint development ...

Nothing is more emblematic of an electron than its negative charge. It’s the trait that determines how the particle behaves in electromagnetic environments, such as a wire’s electric field and Earth’s ...

ZEP-toe-new-ton n. A unit of force equal to one billionth of a trillionth of a newton. An itty-bitty object can be used to suss out teeny-weeny forces. Scientists used an atom of the element ytterbium ...

An element is defined according to the number of protons contained inside the nucleus of each atom. No two elements have the same number of protons, hence each element has a unique atomic number. The ...

Researchers have measured the strong force, which binds together the particles that make up protons and neutrons, to the highest degree of precision ever. Despite being the most powerful of all the ...

Bose-Einstein condensate: artist’s impression of a quantum state of matter that could soon reveal hints of quantum gravity. Courtesy: iStock/vitacopS Quantum gravity might soon be tested in the lab, ...

The ATLAS collaboration recently measured the strength of the strong force to a record level of precision, but there’s still a long way to go toward understanding this fundamental force. In September, ...